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Statistik › Aktiv, passiv und Mittelflüsse › Notes in circulation

Euro banknotes in circulation have been flat at 1.6 trillion euro for four years while cash use kept falling

End of yearBanknotes in circulationShare of total Eurosystem liabilities
20211.5 trillion euro18 per cent
20221.6 trillion euro20 per cent
20231.6 trillion euro23 per cent
20241.6 trillion euro25 per cent
20251.6 trillion euro26 per cent

From the central bank's annual reports. Three consecutive reports describe the stock as virtually unchanged. The rising column is a share of a shrinking balance sheet, not a rising quantity of notes.

A popular claim says cash circulation rises as cash payments fall. At the central bank's published precision the stock has been unchanged at 1.6 trillion euro since 2022. What rose is its share of the balance sheet, because the balance sheet shrank.

EUR 1.6trnBanknotes in circulation, end 2022 to end 2025
18%Share of Eurosystem liabilities, 2021
26%Same share, 2025
248.9 thousandEuro area cash machines, end 2025

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