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Statistik › Aktivt, passivt och flöden › Prop firm legality

Two European authorities reached opposite conclusions on whether simulated funded trading needs a licence

AuthorityPositionUnderlagStatus
Czech National Bank, opinion RS2023-18Simulated trading alone is not an investment serviceNo actual execution of the instructions givenPublished 28 September 2023, valid indefinitely
Rotterdam District Court, January 2026The platform was executing client orders in contracts for differenceLicence required under Dutch financial supervision lawPreliminary relief; the underlying measure is under appeal
Belgian and Italian regulatorsConsumer warnings issuedNot a licensing determination2024
United States case against one firmDismissed with prejudice, May 2025Sanctions against the regulator's staff, not the meritsFinal

The Czech opinion expressly leaves open the question of what happens when a reward is tied to results achieved on a demonstration account, which is the arrangement every challenge model uses. So the two positions are not as directly opposed as they look, and neither settles the general case.

The Czech central bank's published opinion says purely simulated trading is not an investment service and needs no permit. A Dutch court held that a platform describing itself as a market simulation was executing client orders in contracts for difference and required a licence.

No authorisation requiredCzech National Bank opinion on purely simulated trading
Executing orders, licence requiredRotterdam District Court on one such platform
Fewer than 100 of 24,000Live account customers with a single order passed to a market
Dismissed with prejudice on sanctions groundsOutcome of the largest enforcement case

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