Stats Concentration and breadth Index effect

Joining the S&P 500 was worth 7.4%, now about zero

1980s: 3.4%+3.4%1980s1990s: 7.4%+7.4%1990s2000s: 5.2%+5.2%2000s2010s: 1%+1%2010s

The decline from the 2000s to the 2010s is 4.4 percentage points and statistically significant at p below 0.001. Source: Greenwood and Sammon, The Disappearing Index Effect.

Companies added to the S&P 500 once rose in price for no reason connected to their business, because index funds had to buy them. That gain peaked near seven percent in the 1990s and is now indistinguishable from zero. Indexing grew and the effect vanished.

+7.4%1990s addition effect
about +1%2010s addition effect
-0.04%S&P's own 2011 to 2021
about 7%Index funds' market share

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